Present day agriculture sector is facing multiple challenges due to escalating climate change. Increase in world population has resulted in reduction in the available crop lands. Sustainable agriculture and maintenance of nutritional quality are the biggest problems that we are facing now. Traditional breeding approaches are no longer sufficient to overcome the newly emerging challenges. Thanks to the advancement of genomics, several target genes have been identified and successfully implemented in crop improvement. However, only genomics studies or knowledge is not sufficient to generate climate resilient and sustainable crops.

Proteomics gives us information about the complete set of proteins present at a given time in the cell. Knowledge of proteomics tells us the functional players that mediate various cellular processes in a specific condition. Thus proteomics helps investigate mechanisms that are involved in providing biotic or abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, studies of proteome have helped us in controlling pre and post harvest crop losses. Proteomics is also used to improve the nutritional value of food, manufacturing plant-based vaccines and proteomics-based fungicides. Understanding the proteome and its interaction map is crucial for creating a knowledge database. Such databases will be of tremendous help for biotechnologists and plant breeders.